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Ni iki kizasuzumwa mu kibuga cy'abana kugirango gikurure abashyitsi benshi?
2021-09-27 00:00:00
Ikibuga cy’imikino cyabana ni umushinga ushushe cyane muri iki gihe, kubera ko umuguzi wacyo nyamukuru ari abana, kandi ababyeyi berekana abana babo ko ahanini bazemera kujyana abana babo muri parike y’abana. Nyamara, abashoramari n'abakora parike y'abana nabo bazahura nibibazo bito, nkuburyo bwo guhitamo ibikoresho byo gukinira parike yabana?
Gira abana mumwanya wiganje
Abana barashobora gufata iyambere mugukora no kwigira kubikoresho byo gukinisha Abana. Niba abana bashobora kubona uburambe bwo gukina, bazumva ko hari ibyo bagezeho. Muri ubu buryo, bazaba biteguye kuba umuntu ufite ubutwari bwo gukurikirana ibibazo.
Shushanya ibikoresho bitandukanye byo gukinisha abana bafite imyaka itandukanye
Ibikoresho byo gukinisha abana bigomba gutandukana ukurikije imyaka yabo nubushobozi bwabo, abana nkibikinisho bishobora kugenzurwa nabo, bigoye cyane bizababaza, byoroshye cyane birarambiranye. Nyiri parike rero azagura ibikoresho bitandukanye byo gukina ukurikije imyaka yabakinnyi.
0-2years toddler
Ibiranga umubiri: nko gutembera, nko gukina n'umucanga n'amazi, no kwerekana ko ushishikajwe cyane ninyamaswa nto.
Ibiranga imitekerereze: muriki kigero, kumenya ibidukikije byo hanze ni imyumvire no kumva. Amezi 6 nyuma yo kuvuka, umwana afite kwibuka mbere no guca imanza kandi ashobora kumva ibintu bimukikije.
Imikorere yinyungu: batangira gukunda kureba, kumva no gukoraho ibintu bitandukanye. Bashishikajwe cyane nibikinisho bifite amabara meza nijwi. Bashobora gukina imikino yoroshye, ariko umukino ntushobora gutandukana nibintu bifatika. Inyubako yoroshye yubaka, amabara meza nibikorwa byoroshye byo gukora nibyo bibereye abana bato.
2-5 mbere y-ishuri
Ibiranga umubiri: abana biki gihe bongereye cyane ubushobozi bwimyitozo ngororamubiri, barashobora gukora ubuhanga bwo gusimbuka, kwiruka, kuzamuka nibindi bikorwa, kandi bafite inyungu nyinshi mugushakisha ibidukikije.
Ibiranga imitekerereze: uko imbaraga z'umubiri ziyongera, nabwo buhoro buhoro bugira ubushobozi bwo gutekereza kumashusho. Ibitekerezo bitangira kwibanda, kandi biroroshye gukururwa nibintu bishya kandi ukunda gukora ibikorwa bikeneye gutekereza.
Kugaragaza inyungu: abana b'iki gihe bagize buhoro buhoro imiterere yabo, yaba ikora cyangwa ituje. Ibyinshi mu bikoresho biri muri parike y'abana, nk'ikibuga cyo gukiniramo, pisine, umuduga wo gutwara no gukina, birakwiriye cyane kubana b'iki gihe.
Imyaka 5-12 y'amavuko
Ibiranga umubiri: ibikorwa byibikorwa bigenda byiyongera buhoro buhoro, kandi ibikorwa birimo ibirimo namategeko akomeye yumukino birashobora gukorwa.
Ibiranga imitekerereze: muri iki gihe, imyitwarire y'abana igira ingaruka ku isi yo hanze yumuryango, ishuri ndetse na societe.
Imikorere ishimishije: abana muriki gihe barakora cyane kandi buhoro buhoro bashishikarira siporo nimikino irushanwa, nko kuzamuka urutare no gushakisha. Kurundi ruhande, bafite amatsiko yibintu byubuhanga buhanitse, nka VR, AR nizindi seri.
Imyaka 5-12 y'amavuko
Ibiranga umubiri: ibikorwa byibikorwa bigenda byiyongera buhoro buhoro, kandi ibikorwa birimo ibirimo namategeko akomeye yumukino birashobora gukorwa.
Ibiranga imitekerereze: muri iki gihe, imyitwarire y'abana igira ingaruka ku isi yo hanze y'umuryango, ishuri ndetse na sosiyete.
Imikorere ishimishije: abana muriki gihe barakora cyane kandi buhoro buhoro bashishikarira siporo nimikino irushanwa, nko kuzamuka urutare no gushakisha. Kurundi ruhande, bafite amatsiko yibintu byubuhanga buhanitse, nka VR, AR nizindi seri.
Byakozwe neza
Ibikoresho byiza byimyidagaduro byabana bikozwe mubikoresho byiza kandi bishushanyije, bishobora gutuma ibikoresho byo gukiniraho byabana bifite agaciro gakomeye ko gukina. Niba ibikoresho byo gukiniraho byabana byacitse vuba, abana bazumirwa cyane kuko bamaze gukangura umutima wo gukina nubushakashatsi, bizimya vuba. Kubwibyo, umusaruro mwiza urashobora gutangirira kumpande zikurikira:
Igishushanyo mbonera cy'imikino:
Kubana, isura nziza, amatara yamabara numuziki mwiza nibintu byambere byo kubakurura. Igitekerezo cya mbere ni ngombwa cyane. Parike y'abana igomba guha abakiriya igitekerezo cyiza mugihe cyambere kugirango bakurure abakiriya bagaruke. Byongeye, imiterere yibikoresho byo kwidagadura igomba kugira ibisobanuro runaka. Abantu bazakubera isoko ihamye yabakiriya kubera ibisobanuro byihariye, nko kugaragara kwibikoresho byo gukina bisobanura amahirwe, nibindi.
Hitamo ibikoresho byo gukinisha bihendutse
Mugihe uhitamo ibikoresho byo gukiniraho, imikorere yikiguzi igomba gutekerezwa. Muri make, niba ibikoresho bishobora kwakira abantu benshi kubiciro bimwe, imikorere yikiguzi izaba myinshi, kandi ibicuruzwa bifite imikorere ihenze bizakundwa cyane nabana. Guhitamo ibikoresho bishimishije kandi bishimishije, ibikoresho bimwe byo gukiniraho akenshi ntibishobora gukurura abana gushishikarira gukina, mugihe ibikoresho bishimishije kandi bishimishije byo gukinisha bituma abana babyishimira.
Ingano y'ibikoresho byo gukiniraho
Mubikorwa byo gukora, ikintu cya mbere kubakoresha parike ntabwo ari uguhitamo ibikoresho byo kwidagadura, ahubwo ni ukubanza gusuzuma imiterere yabo, no guhitamo ibikoresho byo kwidagadura ukurikije ingengo yimari yabo, agace kabo, insanganyamatsiko rusange, nibindi mugihe uhitamo ibikoresho bya parike yimikino yabana, ni ngombwa cyane gukomeza ukurikije ibyo ukeneye. Ntugure ibicuruzwa birenze ingengo yimari yawe cyangwa ubunini bunini kubutaka bwawe.
Ubwiza bwibikoresho byo gukiniraho
Ibikoresho byiza byo kwinezeza byabana ntibishobora gusa gukora imikorere isanzwe yibikoresho byo kwidagadura, ariko kandi birinda impanuka kurwego runaka. Imyumvire yo kwikingira y'abana irakomeye cyane kandi kurwanya kwabo ni ntege nke. Niyo mpamvu, birakenewe ko hatazabaho ikibazo cyibikoresho byo kwidagadura mugihe cyo gukina, bitabaye ibyo, ntabwo umutekano wabana gusa udashobora kwizerwa, Imyitwarire yabakiriya nayo izagira ingaruka, kandi amafaranga yinjira muri parike yimikino azababara .
Usibye kunoza ibikoresho byo kwidagadura, ni ngombwa kandi kunoza ireme rya serivisi no gutanga ibitekerezo kubakoresha mugihe gikwiye. Igihe kirenze, ikigo cyimikino cyabana bawe kirashobora gusiga abandi inyuma kandi bakagera ikirenge mucya marushanwa akomeye.
Gushushanya umwanya wo gukinira abana nkibi, ntibashaka gutaha
Abana ni indabyo z'igihugu
Ubwana nicyiciro cyoroshye kandi cyamatsiko
Ubwana bwinzirakarengane bukeneye ko dukingira hamwe
Mubihe bitandukanye, igishushanyo mbonera cy’imikino yo gukiniramo cyatewe nimpamvu nyinshi, ariko uko byagenda kose, imikorere n'imikorere niyo ntego nyamukuru yo gushushanya.
IGICE.1
Ingaruka yimyitwarire yabana psychologue
Kuba umwere, ubworoherane na kamere nibyo biranga imitekerereze iranga abana. Ibisabwa hamwe nigisubizo cyibishushanyo mbonera byabana birasobanutse kandi bigira ingaruka zikomeye kumiterere yabo.
Imyitwarire y'abana yibasiwe nibintu bitandukanye mumwanya wibidukikije, nkubunini bwikibanza, ingano y ibikoresho, ingaruka zumucyo wumwanya, nibindi.
IGICE.2
Ingaruka yimikorere kandi ishoboka yumwanya wabana kubishushanyo
Umwanya woroshye kandi uciye mu mucyo urashobora gutuma abana bumva bafunguye. Umwanya wa kare nkurukiramende urasa cyane kubana, mugihe umwanya wuruziga utuma abana baruhuka kandi buntu.
IGICE.3
Akamaro k'ibintu by'amabara kuri psychologiya y'abana
Ingaruka yamabara kubana mukibuga cyabana ni byinshi. Ibara rigira ingaruka kumikurire yabana, guhinduka mumarangamutima hamwe niterambere ryabana ryabana, kubwibyo gukoresha ibara mumwanya nabyo ni ngombwa mugushushanya ikibuga cyabana.
Mugushushanya umwanya wo gukinira abana, kurema ibidukikije bizima kandi bikora binyuze mumabara ahuza ni ahantu heza kubana.
IGICE.4
Isano iri hagati yibintu nibisobanuro bya psychologiya y'abana
Insanganyamatsiko y’imyidagaduro y’abana igaragarira mu buryo butandukanye, kandi ibyiyumvo byabana bigomba kugaragarira mubyerekezo n'ibirimo.
Guhuza insanganyamatsiko yibidukikije hamwe no kwerekana imiterere nubuhanzi bugamije gushushanya bishobora gukurura abana, kongera uruhare rwabo, no kunoza ibitekerezo byabo no guhanga.
Ihame ryingenzi ryo gushushanya umwanya wabana bakiniraho ni ukubona isi uhereye kubana. Abashushanya bagomba gusubira "kwishimisha kwabana" mbere yuko bashushanya paradizo yinzozi ibereye abana.
